THE HUMAN URINARY SYSTEM

THE HUMAN URINARY SYSTEM

The urinary system is the system consists of all the organs involved in the formation and release of urine. This system filters the blood, remove waste and extra water which become a component of urine.

   Parts of urinary system

1.      Kidneys

2.      Ureters

3.      Bladder

4.      Urethra

5.      Sphincter muscles

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, the ureters, bladder, and the urethra.

Diagram of human urinary system

1.      kidneys 

The bean-shaped organs which help the body to eliminate urea in form of urine. The urinary system consists of two kidneys such as the right kidney and the left kidney.

2.      Ureters

The pair of ducts or tubes that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Ureters wall consist of smooth muscles which contract to force urine downward, away from the kidneys.

3.      Bladder(Urinary bladder)

The muscular sac that keep or stores urine temporary before excreted out of the body. The bladder also is known as the urinary bladder and is located in the lower abdominal. The bladder walls relax (expand) to store urine, and also contract and to remove urine from the body.

4.      Sphincter muscles

The circular muscles help to keep urine from leaking by closing tightly around the opening of the bladder.

5.      Urethra

Urethra is a tube like structure which carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. In female, urethra carry urine outside the body while in male; urethra carry urine and sperm outside the body.

The Internal structure of a kidney

From the diagram above,

The internal structure of kidney is composed of three basic regions such as

1.      Cortex,

2.      Medulla and

3.      Pelvis.

 1. Cortex

The cortex is the outer part of the kidney where blood is filtered. This part contains Billions of glomeruli that help in filtration of blood contents.

                2. Medulla

The medulla is the inner part of the kidney where the amount of salt and water are controlled. It consists of billions of loops of Henle. The surface of medulla is folded to form projection called pyramids.

                 3. Pelvis

This is a part of the kidney where urine is collected after formed in the kidney. This part is connected to the ureters which carry urine from the kidney to the bladder.